which of the following describes situational communication competence
A lack of communication and social relationships can case a range of physical and mental illnesses. In modern times, communication scholars and teachers have worked hard to understand and describe what it means to be a competent communicator. Figure 2.1 Language domains. Situational Theory of Leadership - Verywell Mind CA includes multiple forms of communication, not just public speaking. Bilingual books and materials in languages other than English can raise all childrens awareness through exposure to different languages and scripts. According to Daniel Goleman, emotional competence is an extremely important factor in understanding emotional intelligence. Remember that adaptors can hurt your credibility in more formal or serious interactions. When we combine these terms, we get the following definition: communication competence refers to the knowledge of effective and appropriate communication patterns and the ability to use and adapt that knowledge in various contexts (Cooley & Roach, 1984). Figure 2.3 Acquisition of English features Norton, B. Communications Chapter 1 Quiz Flashcards | Quizlet Getting integrated: The NCA notes that developing communication competence in speaking and listening will help college students in academic, professional, and civic contexts. Most of us know that such behaviors lead to predictable and avoidable conflict cycles, yet we are all guilty of them. Unit 3 Human Relations | Psychology Quiz - Quizizz the ability to use and adapt that knowledge to various communication contexts. In fact, verbal fluency is one of the strongest predictors of persuasiveness (Hargie, 2011). Nonverbal congruence refers to consistency among different nonverbal expressions within a cluster. If the professor, however, regularly breaks off eye contact and looks anxiously at her office door, then she is sending a message that could be perceived as disinterest, which is incongruent with the overall message of care and concern she probably wants to encode. Additionally, once the initial effort is put into improving your nonverbal encoding and decoding skills and those new skills are put into practice, people are encouraged by the positive reactions from others. D) body language. There are four language domains: listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Thinking of our English learners as having to start from scratch is the equivalent of denying the many experiences that children have accumulated before coming to the United States and the vast amount of family and cultural knowledge and traditions that have been passed on to students from the moment they were born. Roll your eyes when you do not agree. Multicultural Education, 14, 20-27. In J. What communication concept has appealed to you most so far? Learning a first language is a complex and lengthy process. There are certain nonverbal cues that have been associated with deception, but the problem is that these cues are also associated with other behaviors, which could lead you to assume someone is being deceptive when they are actually nervous, guilty, or excited. While many states have developed their own sets of standards and may use four, five, or six proficiency levels or apply different labels for each stage (e.g., beginning, early intermediate, intermediate, early advanced, and advanced), the standards outline the progression of English language development in the four domains of listening, speaking, reading, and writing through each of the different levels from novice to proficient. Discuss strategies for developing communication competence. Do a communication self-assessment. Men often subconsciously put their hands in their pockets when they dont want to participate in a conversation. Copyright 2006 by Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages, Inc. (TESOL). Family members can be actively involved in the education of L2 students, even if their English skills are limited, when books in L1 are available. There is no one tell that gives away when someone is lying. For ideas about how to find out information about students cultures, see the section called Background in Chapter 3 of this text. Which of the following statements best describes interpersonal communication? The group with the longest chain wins. Defining Competence. Even close proximity doesnt necessarily facilitate interaction. Conversely, crossing your arms in front of your chest is decoded almost everywhere as a negative gesture that conveys defensiveness. Hargie, O., Skilled Interpersonal Interaction: Research, Theory, and Practice, 5th ed. Suddenly the picture of a bumbling juggler (with himself in the lead role) trying to add one more item to his routine sprang into his mind. You cant literally die of embarrassment. Audiences are forgiving and understanding. In this sense, the multichannel nature of nonverbal communication creates the potential of both increased credibility and increased ambiguity. Upon completion of the simulation module, which includes on-line case analyses, you will be able to: Identify good and poor communication and situational monitoring techniques. There are numerous components of ICC. (Dont just practice for your cat.). Which of the following is an example of audience? Which of the following statements best describes the effect that communication has on our physical wellbeing? In general, people who have or feel they have more social power in a situation typically engage in more touching behaviors with those with less social power. still have some trouble comprehending and producing complex structures and academic language. Some key components include motivation, self- and other knowledge, and tolerance for uncertainty. What Is Communication Competence? (Plus Benefits and Tips) Identify the underlined word in the following sentences by writing above it DO for direct object,IO for indirect object, PN for predicate nominative,or PA for predicate adjective. are able to work with grade-level material with some modification. Cultural competency. Select if they are true or false. In order to put that commonsense knowledge to competent use, we must have a more nuanced understanding of how conflict and interpersonal communication relate and know some conflict management strategies. Be aware that clenched hands may signal aggression or anger, nail biting or fidgeting may signal nervousness, and finger tapping may signal boredom. (1982). 4.1 Principles and Functions of Nonverbal Communication, 5.4 Listenable Messages and Effective Feedback, 6.1 Principles of Interpersonal Communication, 6.2 Conflict and Interpersonal Communication, 6.3 Emotions and Interpersonal Communication, 6.4 Self-Disclosure and Interpersonal Communication, 8.2 Exploring Specific Cultural Identities, 8.4 Intercultural Communication Competence, 9.2 Researching and Supporting Your Speech, 10.2 Delivery Methods and Practice Sessions, 12.1 Speaking in Personal and Civic Contexts, 14.1 Leadership and Small Group Communication, 14.3 Problem Solving and Decision Making in Groups, 15.1 Technological Advances: From the Printing Press to the iPhone, 15.2 Functions and Theories of Mass Communication, 16.3 New Media, the Self, and Relationships. The counterculture's rejection of the social and economic values of their parent's generation c. The persistence of poverty as a national problem despite an overall affluence d. The baby boom. Add C if it is part of a compound object or subject complement. the knowledge about how to communicate effectively and appropriately and. Since facial expressions are key for emotional communication, you may be able to strategically use your facial expressions to cheer someone up, lighten a mood, or create a more serious and somber tone. and Texas at http://ipsi.utexas.edu/EST/files/standards/ELPS/ELPS.pdf themes, concepts, genre, characters, and so on. Be aware of the multichannel nature of nonverbal communication. Do you agree with how this was handled? Which of the following is NOT a desirable communication skill? Apply their own frame of reference. Mom, Dad, and guests may be speaking mostly in English. The cognitive elements of competence include knowing how to do something and understanding why things are done the way they are (Hargie, 2011). Receptive language refers to the information someone receives through listening or reading activities. Which of the following is NOT a method of nonverbal communication? The reason often is because many ethical missteps are situational. Public speaking anxiety is type of CA that produces physiological, cognitive, and behavioral reactions in people when faced with a real or imagined presentation (Bodie, 2010). Practice and get feedback from a trusted source. Children who can read in their L1 and have learned some oral English benefit from taking turns with an English speaker in reading aloud a bilingual book. The SLII model is divided into two parts: d. Leadership style and follower development level 6. A Getting Competent feature box is included in each chapter, specifically to help you develop communication competence. initially have limited or no understanding of English. Everyone reading this book already has some experience with and knowledge about communication. There are common misconceptions about what behaviors are associated with deception. 1.4 Communication Competence - Communication in the Real World However, different family members might have used different languages for multiple purposes. Most studies reveal that deceivers talk less, especially in response to direct questions (Andersen, 1999). The following guidelines may help you more effectively encode nonverbal messages sent using your hands, arms, body, and face. Although these four domains are interrelated, they can develop at different rates and independently of one another. Finally, being proficient in a language requires skill in using appropriately the four language domainslistening, speaking, reading, and writingfor a variety of purposes, in a variety of situations, with a variety of audiences. Paul Hersey and Ken Blanchard developed the Situational Leadership model in 1969 while working on Management of Organizational Behavior . Native language is the primary or first language spoken by an individual. If we decide to engage in deception, we then have to compose a fabrication or execute some other manipulation strategy that we think is believable. respond nonverbally to simple commands, statements, and questions. Self-touches like wringing hands and object-adaptors like playing with a pencil or messing with clothing have been shown to correlate to deception. Metts, S. and Sally Planlap, Emotional Communication, in Handbook of Interpersonal Communication, 3rd ed., eds. The notion of code-switching assumes the alternation of separate languages in the context of a single conversation (e.g., Maria forgot su bolsa, where the child uses Spanish to mean her bag). Remember that culture, status, gender, age, and setting influence how we send and interpret touch messages. Pike, K.L. Public speaking anxiety is common, so dont ignore itconfront it. Illustrators make our verbal communication more engaging. In verbal communication, how is emotion expressed? can produce clear, smoothly flowing, well-structured texts of differing lengths and degrees of linguistic complexity. 1 (2010): 72. Gestures. Productive language refers to the information produced to convey meaning. While you should feel free to read ahead to that chapter, you can also manage your anxiety by following some of the following tips. Eye contact. Communicative competence means competence in all four language domainsboth the productive and the receptive. In addition, many of the suggestions in the section on encoding competence can be adapted usefully to decoding. Language proficiency is multidimensional and entails linguistic, cognitive, and sociocultural factors. Each educational program is designed for a different practice site. possess language skills that are generally adequate for most day-to-day communication needs. Describe situational monitoring techniques. In writing, they are able to generate . Instead of interrupting, you can use nonverbal signals like leaning in, increasing your eye contact, or using a brief gesture like subtly raising one hand or the index finger to signal to another person that youd like to soon take the floor. For a study on translanguaging in a third grade classroom, read Translanguaging and Protected Spaces in a Dual Language Classroom: Tensions Across Restrictionist Policies and Unrestricted Practice by Kristen Pratt & Gisela Ernst-Slavit (in press). Being a higher self-monitor can help you catch nonverbal signals that might signal that you arent listening, at which point you could consciously switch to more active listening signals. Copyright 2003 by the International Reading Association. Be aware of discrepancies between facial expressions and other nonverbal gestures and verbal communication. Boston: Heinle & Heinle. acquire a vocabulary of stock words and phrases covering many daily situations. Bilingual books: Promoting literacy and biliteracy in the second-language and mainstream classroom. London, UK: Palgrave Macmillan. If you start these things now you will be primed to take on more communication challenges that will be presented throughout this book. Kern (2000) developed a broad conceptual framework for understanding language proficiency that includes three dimensions of academic literacy: linguistic, cognitive, and sociocultural. We typically decode people putting their hands in their pocket as a gesture that indicates shyness or discomfort. For example, if you are waiting in line to get your drivers license renewed and the agents in front of you are moving slower than youd like and the man in front of you doesnt have his materials organized and is asking unnecessary questions, you might start to exhibit nonverbal clusters that signal frustration. During my years as a restaurant server I got pretty good at knowing what tables to engage with and schmooze a little more to get a better tip. Communication departments are typically the only departments that address communication apprehension explicitly, which is important as CA is related to negative academic consequences such as negative attitudes toward school, lower over-all classroom achievement, lower final course grades, and higher college attrition rates (Allen, Hunter, & Donohue, 2009).
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which of the following describes situational communication competence